A closer look at GLP-1 medications

With obesity-related hospital admissions on a sharp rise, understanding innovative treatments is crucial. This brings us to GLP-1 medications like Wegovy, a topic recently explored in depth by a recent BBC Panorama documentary.

What did the documentary reveal?

With weight management services costing the NHS over £6 billion per year, the documentary looks at how Wegovy could be a potential “game changer” in the battle against obesity. 

Key points:

• Wegovy is prescribed by the NHS to obese patients with associated health conditions and is available for up to two years. 

• It's hailed as a potential “game-changer”, enabling patients to lose an average of 15% body weight, significantly outperforming other treatments.

• It can kickstart a positive cycle - weight loss leads to reduced aches and pains so improves the ability to exercise.

• Side effects range from migraines and nausea to serious risks like pancreatitis. Long-term effects are still uncertain, with the majority of concerns surrounding the potential loss of muscle mass. 

• Despite the treatment’s potential to help Britain deal with obesity, they can't do it alone - lifestyle changes and dietary tools are required.

Obesity: a constant concern in the UK

In 2021, 26% of adults in England were obese, and a further 37.9% were overweight. The rise in obesity-related illnesses, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers, underscores the urgent need for effective treatment strategies. 

In the documentary, Henry Dimbleby, author of the National Food Strategy, described it as a “tidal wave of ill-health that’s coming towards us”. GLP-1 medications offer a promising solution.

GLP-1 medications vs lifestyle intervention

GLP-1 medications

• GLP-1 medications like Wegovy mimic a natural hormone that regulates appetite, leading to reduced hunger and calorie intake.

Lifestyle intervention

• Includes diet modification, increased physical activity, and behavioural therapy.

• Can lead to substantial weight loss, typically around 5-10% of body weight. 

Is a combined approach best?

Combining GLP-1 medications with lifestyle interventions is often more effective than either approach alone. This combination approach ensures both physiological and behavioural aspects of obesity are addressed, leading to long-lasting change.

Semaglutide, the active ingredient in GLP-1 medications, showed a mean weight loss of 15% over 68 weeks in clinical trials​​ when it was combined with lifestyle changes. 

GLP-1 & lifestyle changes: Andy's experience

Andy, a Numan patient from Preston, shared his story of using Wegovy along with lifestyle changes. His experience underscores the effectiveness of a dual approach:

Results became evident after a few months. I adopted healthier habits, like walking to the supermarket and choosing stairs over lifts. These small changes, combined with the medication suppressing my appetite, created a positive loop that motivated me to continue.

I was at high risk of type 2 diabetes. Now, my HbA1c has come right down and my risk has dropped dramatically. I discovered an old bag of clothes and couldn’t believe how many of them fit me. I feel amazing. I think I look much better than I ever did. 

The numan take

GLP-1 medications like Wegovy have promising potential for weight loss, but clinician-led care is crucial. Under proper guidance, they can complement and enhance sustainable lifestyle changes.